Summary: Homozygotes for the major allele (G) at MMAB_3U3527G/C had higher LDL-cholesterol concentrations than did carriers of the minor allele (P = 0.034). Significant gene-diet interactions for HDL cholesterol were found (P<0.001–0.038), in which GG subjects at SNPs MMAB_3U3527G/C.

Summary: The polymorphism interacted with and dietary fat intake in the determination of changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C in an intervention trial. In the low-fat intake group, carriers of the risk allele (G allele) exhibited greater reductions in total cholesterol and LDL-C cholesterol than did noncarriers.

Summary: In APOC3*S1/APOC3*S1 subjects, replacement of the SFA diet by the NCEP-1 diet resulted in an increase in basal glucose and insulin concentrations (for glucose, P < 0.001; for insulin, P < 0.008). Also in this group, consumption of the MUFA diet resulted in the lowest basal glucose concentrations (MUFA diet compared with SFA diet, P < 0.001; MUFA diet compared with NCEP-1 diet, P < 0.000001). Basal insulin concentrations were also significantly lower with the MUFA diet than with the NCEP-1 diet (P < 0.0002). In carriers of the S2 allele, basal glucose concentrations were significantly lower after the MUFA diet than after the NCEP-1 diet (P < 0.006). There were no significant differences in this subject group in basal glucose concentrations after the NCEP-1 and SFA diets.

Summary: The MetS risk was increased in women with the CC genotype with increasing tertiles of WDP scores compared with women with both the genotype, whose MetS risk was decreased with increasing tertiles of WDP scores.

Summary: The rs13702 SNP showed significant association with TAG and HDL-C, with each copy of the minor allele showing lower TAG and higher HDL-C. The effect of rs13702 on both TAG and HDL-C was consistent across the ten participating cohorts. rs13702 showed a significant interaction with dietary Polyunsaturated Fats modulating TAG as a continuous variable (p = 0.00153) with the magnitude of the inverse association between dietary Polyunsaturated Fats intake and TAG concentration showing greater reduction per minor allele.

Summary: For the ADAM17_i33708A / G SNP, homozygotes for the A allele displayed higher risk of obesity (P=0.001), were heavier (P=0.011), had higher BMI (P=0.005), and higher waist measurements (P=0.023) than GG subjects. A significant gene-diet interaction was found (P=0.030), in which the deleterious association of the i33708A allele with obesity was observed in subjects with low intakes from (n-6) Polyunsaturated Fats (P < 0.001), whereas no differences in obesity risk were seen among subjects with high (n-6) Polyunsaturated Fats intake (P / 0.5).

Summary: Eating fatty fish (e.g., salmon-type fish) once or more per week, compared to never, was associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43-0.76). The OR comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of marine fatty acids intake was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.51-0.97). The study found a significant interaction (p < 0.001) between salmon-type fish intake and a SNP in the COX-2 gene (rs5275: +6365 T/C)

Summary: Significant associations between rs174546 genotypes and total and non-HDL-cholesterol concentrations were observed in the group with a high intake of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fats ( 0.51% of total energy;P = 0.006 and 0.047, respectively) but not in the low-intake group(P for interaction = 0.32 and 0.51, respectively). The C allele was associated with high total and non-HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Furthermore, the C allele was significantly associated with high HDL-cholesterol concentrations in the group with a high intake of n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatss ( 5.26% of total energy, P = 0.004) but not in the group with a low intake (P for interaction = 0.02).

Summary: Erythrocyte 16:1n−7 and 18:3n−6 and FA ratios, which reflect stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) and D6D activity, were directly related to diabetes risk in multivariable-adjusted models comparing extreme quintiles: 16:1n−7, 18:3n−6, SCD, and D6D, whereas the FA ratio that reflects D5D activity was inversely associated with risk. Proportions of dietary FAs showed only modest to low correlations with erythrocyte FAs and were not significantly associated with risk.

Summary: Significant genotype-by-n−6 fatty acid intake interactions were observed only in whites for the 3′untranslated region (UTR) G→A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and total cholesterol (P = 0.03) and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.03).

Summary: MAF: A-0.45; major allele homozygotes: 2.45+/-0.07; heterozygotes:2.71+/-0.05; minor allele homozygotes: 2.46+/-0.11; p-value: 0.0071

Summary: Minor G allele carriers for rs1053005 had increased risk of abdominal obesity compared with noncarriers.

Summary: MAF: T-0.25 major allele homozygotes: 2.79+/-0.09; heterozygotes:2.47+/-0.12; minor allele homozygotes: 3.35+/-0.28; p-value: 0.0070

Summary: The study has noted a significant interaction between betaine intake and the PEMT rs7946 polymorphism (Pinteraction=0.04)

Summary: Carriers of the minor allele of rs1059611 displayed lower TRL-TG than homozygous for the major allele. A trend was observed for TG and HDL-C concentrations in which carriers of the minor allele displayed lower TG and higher HDL-C than homozygous for the major allele. Among subjects with low Polyunsaturated Fats n-6 concentration (below the median) the minor allele for rs1059611 was associated with lower fasting TG and lower TRL-TG. In addition, subjects carrying the minor allele for rs1059611 SNP and with a low concentration of Polyunsaturated Fats n-6 displayed higher nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations as compared with the homozygotes for the major allele.

Summary: The interaction between Polyunsaturated Fats n3 and rs8887 showed significant association modulating BMI, weight and waist circumference where minor allele carriers showed reduced anthropometrics in response to Polyunsaturated Fats n3 compared to non-carriers. In addition carriers of the rs8887 minor allele showed increased subcutaneous adipose tissue compared to non-carriers. Performing the analyses by gender revealed an association with rs8887 and with only male carriers having greater volume than non-carriers.

Summary: After consumption of the diet high in MUFA, significant increases in LDL cholesterol (0.13 mmol/L, P < 0.027) were noted in the S1/S1 subjects whereas a significant decrease was observed in the S1/S2 subjects (-0.18 mmol/L, P < 0.046). Significant genotypic effects were seen for diet-induced changes in LDL cholesterol (P < 0.00034), total cholesterol (P < 0.009), and apo B (P < 0.0014).

Summary: Significant genotype-by-long-chain n−3 fatty acid intake interactions were observed only in African Americans for the 3′UTR C→T SNP and total cholesterol (P = 0.03) and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.02).

Summary: In women, it was found that the statistically significant gene-diet interaction between PLIN 11482G→A/14995A→T polymorphisms and saturated fatty acids and carbohydrate in determining HOMA-IR. These interactions were in opposite directions and were more significant for 11482G→A. Thus, women in the highest SFA tertile had higher HOMA-IR than women in the lowest only if they were homozygotes for the PLIN minor allele.